vona xihlovo xa Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

{{Bio|caption=Madikizela-Mandela hi lembe ra 1996}}
'''Winnie Madikizela-Mandela''', OLS (Vito ro tswariwa '''Nomzamo Winifred Zanyiwe Madikizela'''; 26 Ndhzati 1936<ref>[http://www.nndb.com/people/292/000023223/ Winnie Mandela]. nndb.com</ref> – 2 Dzivamisoko 2018), athlela a tiviwa tanihi '''Winnie Mandela''', akuri mulweri wantshuxeko wale Afrika Dzonga, athlela ava khlale ka nsati wa [[Nelson Mandela]]. Utirhelile tanihi xirho xa phalamendhe ya tiko kusikela hi lembe ra 1994 kuya eka 2003,<ref name="telegraphFiveYearJailSentence">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/southafrica/1428436/Winnie-Mandela-given-five-year-jail-sentence.html|title=Winnie Mandela given five-year jail sentence|first=Tim|last=Butcher|date=25 April 2003|publisher=|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> naswona kusukela hi lembe ra 2009 kufikela loko a lova,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brandsouthafrica.com/governance/developmentnews/jacob-zuma-set-for-presidency|title=Jacob Zuma set for presidency|date=7 May 2009|website=www.brandsouthafrica.com|access-date=14 April 2018|archive-date=4 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404140710/https://www.brandsouthafrica.com/governance/developmentnews/jacob-zuma-set-for-presidency|dead-url=yes}}</ref> athlela ava xandla ya murhangeri wa ndawulo kusukela hi lembe ra 1994 kuya eka 1996. Tani hi xirho xa vandla ra swatipolitiki ra African National Congress (ANC), uthlele a tirha eka huvo-nkulu ya vandla naswona a thlela a rhangela rhavi ra vandla ra vamanana. Madikizela-Mandela uthlela ativiwa hivalandzeri vakwe tani hi "Mhani wa rixaka".<ref name="independentObitMotherMugger">{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/winnie-mandela-dead-madikizela-nelson-wife-life-story-obituary-anc-football-club-soweto-apartheid-a8285581.html|title=From 'Mother of the Nation' to 'mugger': The turbulent life of South Africa's Winnie Mandela|date=2 April 2018|publisher=}}</ref>

Winnie utswariwe ekaya ramaMpondo<ref name="702MpondoPrincess">http://www.702.co.za/articles/298087/winnie-was-born-mpondo-princess-from-an-important-eastern-cape-family</ref> eBizana, naswona a a dyondzele tidyondzo ta nhlayiso ya vanhu (social worker), athlela a tekana na mulwela-ntshuxeko wa nkarhi wa xihlawu-hlawu Nelson Mandela e [[Joni]] hi 1958; ava tekanile kwalomu ka 38 wa malembe naswona avakatekisiwe hi vana vambirhi. Hi lembe ra 1963, loko Mandela atava a khotsiwile endzhaku ka huvo ya Rivonia; uvile nhlonge yale rivaleni eka malembe ya 27 laha Nelson Mandela a a khotsiwile e xihlaleni xa Robben. Eka nkarhi wolowo, Winnie u thlandlukile eka vurhangeri bya mintlawa ya valweri va ntshuxeko. Ukhotsiwile hi mfumo wa xihlawu-hlawu eka makhambi yo hlaya, athlela a xanisiwa minkarhi yohlaya<ref name="guardianObit">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/02/winnie-madikizela-mandela-obituary|title=Winnie Madikizela-Mandela obituary|first1=David|last1=Beresford|first2=Dan van der|last2=Vat|date=2 April 2018|website=the Guardian}}</ref> kuhlanganisa na ku thlakisiwa ayisiwa etikweni-xikaya ra Bramford.

Eka malembe yava 1980, Winnie ulumbetiwe hi kufuma hi kuchavisa naswona ari muluthanyi wa mandzolonga<ref name="fiveTimesLetDownMg">https://mg.co.za/article/2014-10-21-five-times-winnie-mandela-let-us-down</ref> e Soweto, leswi landzeriweke hiku bakanyiwa hi minhlangano ya vulwela-ntshuxeko, athlela a tshinyiwa hi nhlangano wakwe wa ANC. Huvo ya ntiyiso na ndzivalelwano (TRC) leyi simekiweke hi nuna wakwe yibohe leswaku a a kumeka hlanganisiwa eka mpfilu-mpfilu wo xanaisa vanhu leyi a yi rhangeirwa hi xipanu xa mintlangu ya bholo ya "Mandela United Football Club", lexi a xin'wisirhelela.<ref name="truth-commission">{{cite web|url=http://www.justice.gov.za/trc/report/finalreport/Volume%202.pdf|title=Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report, Volume Two, Chapter 6 (pp. 543–82): Special Investigation: Mandela United Football Club|date=29 October 1998|access-date=10 July 2010|archive-date=4 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091104033712/http://www.justice.gov.za/trc/report/finalreport/Volume%202.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Winnie u henhliwe hi ku pfumelela kuvutliwa; xanisiwa na kuhisiwa ka vanhu lava ava hehliwa kuva vatirheli va mfumo wa xihlawu-hlawu<ref name="trewhelaMoralProblemDailyMaverick">https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2018-04-06-the-moral-problem-of-winnie-mandela/</ref><ref name="independentBodiesExhumed">{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/bodies-exhumed-in-anc-murder-case-linked-to-winnie-mandela-8531758.html|title=Bodies exhumed in ANC 'murder' case linked to Winnie Mandela|date=12 March 2013|website=independent.co.uk}}</ref> eka vanhu lava kuhlanganisiwa na Stompie Sepei, n'wana loyi a a ri na malembe ya 14<ref name="mg2013bodies">{{cite web|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2013-03-15-00-bodies-probably-wont-bury-winnie|title=Bodies probably won't bury Winnie|first=Phillip De|last=Wet|website=mg.co.za}}</ref><ref name="guardianRoughJustice">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/apr/27/southafrica.andrewmalone|title=Rough justice for Winnie's victims|first=Andrew|last=Malone|date=27 April 2003|website=the Guardian}}</ref>

Nelson Mandela na Winnie Mandela va hambanile hi lembe ra 1992, naswona vadlaya vukati hiximfumo hi lembe ra 1996 eka nwheti ya Nyenyankulu. Winnie uvhakele khale ka nuna wakwe eka vuvabyi bya kwe bya makumu.

== Mintshaho ==
{{Reflist}}

== Mintshaho yale handle ==

* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0541692/ Winnie Mandela] on IMDb
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140212111657/http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0053857/ Winnie Mandela (Character)] on IMDb
* [https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73780409.html?dids=73780409:73780409&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=FEB+18%2C+1989&author=William+Claiborne&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=Fall+of+Winnie+Mandela+Began+Nearly+2+Years+Ago%3B+Erratic+Behavior+Preceded+R "Fall of Winnie Mandela Began Nearly 2 Years Ago; Erratic Behavior Preceded Recent Violence"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006174728/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73780409.html?dids=73780409:73780409&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=FEB+18,+1989&author=William+Claiborne&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=Fall+of+Winnie+Mandela+Began+Nearly+2+Years+Ago%3B+Erratic+Behavior+Preceded+R |date=2012-10-06 }}, The Washington Post, 18 February 1989
* [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/10/16/winnie16.xml "Winnie Mandela on bank fraud charges"], Telegraph, 15 October 2001
* [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1997/12/05/win05.html "Mrs Mandela defies accusers"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050313073900/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1997%2F12%2F05%2Fwin05.html |date=2005-03-13 }}, Telegraph, 5 December 1997
* [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1997/09/06/wman06.html "Winnie Mandela 'had hand in boy's murder'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041121175750/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1997%2F09%2F06%2Fwman06.html |date=2004-11-21 }}, Telegraph, 9 December 1997
* [http://kaganof.com/kagablog/2008/01/09/special-investigation-into-the-mandela-united-football-club/ "Special Investigation into the Mandela United Football Club"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815073731/http://kaganof.com/kagablog/2008/01/09/special-investigation-into-the-mandela-united-football-club/ |date=2010-08-15 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160228135801/http://the-write-stuff.com.au/archives/vol-1/reviews/winnie.html ''The Lady: the life and times of Winnie Mandela''] by Emma Gilbey. London: Vintage, 1994. {{ISBN|0-09-938801-4}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20001002042602/http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/pr/1989/pr0218.html NEC statement on Mandela Football Club], 19 February 1989
* [http://www.bookrags.com/Winnie_Madikizela-Mandela "Winnie Madikizela-Mandela Biography Summary"]
* [https://www.jstor.org/stable/466738 "Winnie Mandela and the Moffies"]
* [http://www.japantoday.com/jp/news/408566 Report on Winnie Mandela] (dead link) on ''Japan Today News''
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8474580.stm Can Winnie Mandela's Heroism Outshine her Crimes?] by ''BBC News'', 25 January 2010

[[Category:Vanhu]]
{{Lifetime|1936|2018|Winnie Madikizela-Mandela}}

== Matimu ==

A a ri [[Người Mpondo|Mpondo]] , loyi a velekiweke emugangeni [[Mbongweni|wa Mbongweni]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130316233444/http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/winnie-madikizela-mandela Madikizela-Mandela profile]. Sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 30 May 2011.</ref> [[Bizana|eBizana]], [[Pondoland|ePondoland]], laha sweswi ku nga xifundzhankulu xa Eastern Cape . I n’wana wa vumune endyangwini wa vamakwavo va 9 (8 wa vanhwanyana na 1 wa jaha).

U dyondzele ntirho wa vaaki eXikolweni [[Trường công tác xã hội Jan Hofmeyr|xa Ntirho wa Vanhu xa Jan Hofmeyr]] naswona u thwasile hi 1956  . Endzhaku ka malembe ma nga ri mangani, u thwasile hi digri ya bachelor eka vuxaka bya matiko ya misava eYunivhesiti ya Witwatersrand  . U tshame etindhawini to tala to fana na Bizana, [[Shawbury]] na [[Joni]] . Ntirho wa yena wo sungula a ku ri ku va mutirhela-mfumo wa vaaki [[Bệnh viện Baragwanath|exibedlhele xa Baragwanath]] [[Soweto|eSoweto]]  .

Hi lembe ra 1958, u tekile mulwela-xihlawuhlawu Nelson Mandela eJoni, a va na vana vambirhi kutani a dlaya vukati hi 1996.

Hi 1963, endzhaku ka loko nuna wa yena a pfaleriwe ekhotsweni, u ve muyimeri wa yena wa le rivaleni eka malembe ya 27 ya yena ekhotsweni.

Hi nkarhi wolowo, u yime a lwisana ni milawu ya xihlawuhlawu ya mfumo hi nkarhi wolowo. Hikwalaho, u khomiwile minkarhi yo tala, a boheka ku tiyisela ku xanisiwa  ni [[Biệt giam|ku pfaleriwa a ri yexe]] ku ringana tin’hweti to tala.